01744nas a2200241   4500008004100000245007500041210006900116260001500185300001400200490000700214520100200221653002301223653001901246653002701265653002201292653002801314653001301342100002001355700002101375700002301396700001801419856006501437       2022                        eng d00aGender (im)balance in the pool of graduate talent: the portuguese case0 aGender imbalance in the pool of graduate talent the portuguese c  c13/07/2022  a155–1700 v283 a<p>Doctoral education has grown substantially, resulting in a larger and diverse pool of graduates for research. Simultaneously, gender balance in research has become a growing concern, particularly in Europe. Based on the Portuguese case, this paper discusses whether the increase in the pool of graduate talent, considered to be comprised of doctoral graduates, has resulted in a gender balance across different disciplines. The analysis of the evolution of doctoral theses completed by men and women from 1970 to 2016 suggests that, while gender balance has been achieved in terms of participation in doctoral education, horizontal segregation in disciplines persists. A more gender-balanced pool of graduate talent for research across disciplines seems to require more action from Portuguese policymakers and universities, particularly in terms of the implementation of gender equality measures. This is also true for countries where gender equality in doctoral education is a challenge.</p>
10aDoctoral education10aGender balance10aHorizontal segregation10aKnowledge society10aPool of graduate talent10aPortugal1 aCardoso, Sónia1 aCarvalho, Teresa1 aRosa, Maria, João1 aSoares, Diana  uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11233-022-09093-902616nas a2200253   4500008004100000245010500041210006900146260001500215300001400230490000700244520183500251653002702086653001302113653001902126653001502145653001802160653003202178653001502210653001702225100001602242700002102258700001802279856006502297       2020                        eng d00aNomination vs. election: do they influence women’s access to institutional decision-making bodies?0 aNomination vs election do they influence women s access to insti  c31/10/2020  a879–8980 v253 a<p>Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs) are excellent case-studies of women representation in academia, considering their significant presence and rapid growth in HEIs. Nevertheless, and despite efforts to minimise gender gaps, women are still underrepresented in top management and leading positions, contributing to increment the phenomenon of vertical segregation. Based on the reality of the Portuguese academia, and focusing on an in-depth case study of a Portuguese university, this paper analyses if and how the way decision-making bodies are constituted, influence the gender balance of their members. Recently, within the New Public Management (NPM) context, HEIs have been subjected to external pressures to create a new organisational environment aiming at substituting the collegial model of governance with a managerial one. In this context, there has been a trend to replace the election by the nomination as the dominant process to occupy decision-making positions. The opening hypothesis of this study is that the way decision-making bodies are constituted, impacts on their gender balance. More specifically, it is argued that the nomination process tends to be more advantageous to women than the election. However, although it is possible to conclude that the gender balance decreases with the increasing importance of the decision-making body, it is not accurate to say that there is a direct relationship between the way actors are chosen to these bodies and their gender balance. In other words, the way actors are chosen can not be seen as the only factor influencing the gender constitution of decision-making bodies. The study provides a relevant contribution to the literature on mechanisms and strategies to improve gender equality in institutional decision-making processes and bodies.</p>
10aDecision-making bodies10aElection10aGender balance10aGovernance10aManagerialism10aNew Public Management (NPM)10aNomination10auniversities1 aDiogo, Sara1 aCarvalho, Teresa1 aBreda, Zélia  uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10997-020-09538-6