@article {4048, title = {Nomination vs. election: do they influence women{\textquoteright}s access to institutional decision-making bodies?}, journal = {Journal of Management and Governance}, volume = {25}, year = {2020}, month = {31/10/2020}, pages = {879{\textendash}898}, abstract = {

Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs) are excellent case-studies of women representation in academia, considering their significant presence and rapid growth in HEIs. Nevertheless, and despite efforts to minimise gender gaps, women are still underrepresented in top management and leading positions, contributing to increment the phenomenon of vertical segregation. Based on the reality of the Portuguese academia, and focusing on an in-depth case study of a Portuguese university, this paper analyses if and how the way decision-making bodies are constituted, influence the gender balance of their members. Recently, within the New Public Management (NPM) context, HEIs have been subjected to external pressures to create a new organisational environment aiming at substituting the collegial model of governance with a managerial one. In this context, there has been a trend to replace the election by the nomination as the dominant process to occupy decision-making positions. The opening hypothesis of this study is that the way decision-making bodies are constituted, impacts on their gender balance. More specifically, it is argued that the nomination process tends to be more advantageous to women than the election. However, although it is possible to conclude that the gender balance decreases with the increasing importance of the decision-making body, it is not accurate to say that there is a direct relationship between the way actors are chosen to these bodies and their gender balance. In other words, the way actors are chosen can not be seen as the only factor influencing the gender constitution of decision-making bodies. The study provides a relevant contribution to the literature on mechanisms and strategies to improve gender equality in institutional decision-making processes and bodies.

}, keywords = {Decision-making bodies, Election, Gender balance, Governance, Managerialism, New Public Management (NPM), Nomination, universities}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-020-09538-6}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10997-020-09538-6}, author = {Sara Diogo and Teresa Carvalho and Z{\'e}lia Breda} } @article {4051, title = {Change and continuity in the academic profession: Finnish universities as living labs}, journal = {Higher Education}, volume = {79}, year = {2019}, month = {04/07/2019}, pages = {533{\textendash}551}, abstract = {

The academic profession is challenged by the changing environment. Global trends, such as managerialism and new public management, have been influencing all public organizations, including universities. The academic profession is dynamic by its nature; it reflects any changes in its environment. However, the academic profession is also characterized by continuity. In this study, we describe the current changes and continuities of the academic profession in Finland, as perceived by top and middle managers employed in Finnish Universities. We found out that logics and values by organizational professionalism are emphasized; however, occupational professionalism is also deeply rooted in the practices of Finnish universities. Additionally, we found out that changes are often associated with managerial values, such as control and evaluation, and in contrast, the continuities of academic work are commonly related to professorial authority and academic identity. These two aspects of the profession and organization are not opposite, they occur simultaneously; however, there are tensions between them. In this article, we would like to emphasize that change of the academic profession is a hybrid, there exists both, changes and continuities in the logics and values related to the profession and the organization.

}, keywords = {Academic profession, Change, Managerialism, new public management, universities}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00422-3}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10734-019-00422-3}, author = {Taru Siekkinen and Elias Pekkola and Teresa Carvalho} } @article {4081, title = {Gender, power and managerialism in universities}, journal = {Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, month = {03 Mar 2011}, pages = {179-188}, chapter = {179}, abstract = {

This article explores the role of senior managers in consolidating and interpreting new managerialism in higher education in Australia, South Africa and Portugal, and perceptions of potential effects on gender. The impact of managerialism on decision-making in Australia was increased centralisation with the Vice Chancellor operating as a Chief Executive Officer; in South Africa tension existed between collegial and managerial models evident in power struggles between Vice Chancellors and faculties, plus overt risk and strong political considerations; while in Portugal decision making remained collegial with Rectors seeing themselves as\ primus inter pares\ (first among equals). The major finding was that while women as senior managers had an increased capacity to impact on decision-making in managerial universities, mainly related to {\textquoteleft}soft{\textquoteright} management skills, these were not valued in a competitive management culture strongly focused on research output. Thus managerialism presents a great challenge for women in senior management in higher education.

}, keywords = {Gender, Management, Managerialism}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2011.559631}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1360080X.2011.559631}, author = {Kate White and Teresa Carvalho and Sarah Riordan} }