@inbook {4436, title = {The New Syndemic of Obesity and COVID-19 in Urban Areas}, booktitle = {Pandemics and Urban Planning: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Cities, Planning and Disease}, series = {Future City}, year = {2025}, pages = {161-178}, chapter = {Chapter 10}, isbn = {978-3-031-97347-5
978-3-031-97348-2} } @article {4438, title = {The economic crisis impact on the body mass index of children living in distinct urban environments}, journal = {Public Health}, volume = {196}, year = {2021}, note = {Pereira, Margarida
Nogueira, Helena
Gama, Augusta
Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides
Rosado-Marques, Vitor
G Silva, Maria-Raquel
Padez, Cristina
eng
Netherlands
2021/06/18
Public Health. 2021 Jul;196:29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.04.030. Epub 2021 Jun 16.}, month = {Jul}, pages = {29-34}, edition = {20210616}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the impact of the 2008 global economic recession on childhood obesity in Portugal. Thus, this study{\textquoteright}s goals were to compare weight status of children during and after the economic crisis according to their neighbourhood environment features and to assess changes in specific dietary habits during the economic crisis. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Data including weight, height, residence address to allow its geocoding and dietary habits changes during the crisis from children living in Lisbon municipality were collected in 2009 (N = 929) and in 2016 (N = 1751). A multidimensional environment index, with data of both built and socioeconomic nature collected at the statistical section level (areas comprised 300 dwellers) in the 2011 census, was used to characterize neighbourhoods. RESULTS: Overall, the proportion of children who are overweight or obese living in the socioeconomically vulnerable areas decreased in 2016. Families living in the latter areas stopped buying some food items, started to buy cheaper food items, cooked more meals at home and ate less in restaurants. In 2016, the risk for overweight and obesity increased in children who lived in the least advantageous areas. Living in areas with high socioeconomic status or most advantageous areas no longer represented a decreased risk of being overweight or obese in children in 2016 as it did in 2009. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the economic crisis enhanced the social inequalities regarding childhood obesity. These results aid the development of evidence-based strategies to lessen the social inequities in health outcomes created by the crisis.}, isbn = {1476-5616 (Electronic)
0033-3506 (Linking)} } @article {4441, title = {The role of urban design in childhood obesity: A case study in Lisbon, Portugal}, journal = {Am J Hum Biol}, volume = {31}, number = {3}, year = {2019}, note = {Pereira, Margarida
Nogueira, Helena
Padez, Cristina
eng
SFRH/BD/133140/2017/Foundation for the Science and Technologies/International
PTDC/DTP-SAP/1520/2014/Foundation for the Science and Technologies/International
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
2019/03/15
Am J Hum Biol. 2019 May;31(3):e23220. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23220. Epub 2019 Mar 14.}, month = {May}, pages = {e23220}, edition = {20190314}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that physical features of the urban environment might enhance or prevent childhood obesity. Thus, this study{\textquoteright}s main goal was to verify if there is an association between the neighborhood urban design and childhood obesity-independent of well-known childhood obesity determinants, such as, father{\textquoteright}s level of schooling (as a proxy for socioeconomic status), and parent{\textquoteright}s weight status. METHODS: This study classifies neighborhoods according to land use and building features using hierarchical clusters analysis and examines their association with childhood obesity through logistic regression models. RESULTS: Four clusters resulted from the analysis: Cluster 1 represents areas with older buildings and mixed land use, cluster 2 is an area with small rented buildings and urban areas, cluster 3 comprises newer buildings with parking and urban green space, and cluster 4 is a forest area. Living in cluster 3 protects from childhood obesity, even when adjusting for father{\textquoteright}s level of schooling or parent{\textquoteright}s weight status. CONCLUSIONS: There are distinct urban configurations in Lisbon{\textquoteright}s municipality and children who live in Cluster 3 (more recent and greener neighborhoods) seem to be protected from obesity. Therefore, public policy should focus on healthy urban planning at the neighborhood level, to promote positive impacts on peoples{\textquoteright} health.}, isbn = {1520-6300 (Electronic)
1042-0533 (Linking)} }